A tax return becomes a belated return when it is filed after the original due date specified under section 139(1). For most taxpayers, the last date to file a belated return is 31 December of the assessment year.
What is a belated return?
A belated return is simply an income tax return submitted after the due date prescribed under section 139(1). The return still gets processed, but filing late has consequences — from extra fees and interest to restricted tax benefits in certain cases.
Key deadline: 31 December
The window for filing a belated return generally closes on 31 December of the assessment year. Missing this cut-off means you may lose the right to file for that year and could face more serious compliance outcomes.
What happens if you file late?
- Late fee: The tax law imposes a late filing fee for belated returns. The fee can be sizeable depending on the delay and total income.
- Interest on unpaid tax: Interest is charged on any unpaid tax from the original due date until the tax is paid.
- Possible limits on tax benefits: Certain tax advantages, such as carrying forward some losses, may be limited if the return is belated.
- Refund delays and scrutiny: Refunds can take longer to process, and late filers may attract greater attention during assessment.
Simple steps to file a belated return
- Collect your documents: Form 16, bank statements, investment proofs and TDS certificates.
- Calculate your taxable income and any tax owed. Pay self-assessment tax and interest before filing.
- Choose the correct ITR form and fill in income, deductions and tax payments accurately.
- File the return electronically and complete the verification process to validate the filing.
Practical tips to avoid belated filing
- Set calendar reminders well before the due date under section 139(1).
- Keep income documents and proofs organized throughout the year.
- Use e-filing tools or a tax professional to simplify the process and reduce last-minute errors.
Filing a belated return is better than not filing at all, but it’s wise to meet the original due date whenever possible to avoid fees, interest and potential loss of tax benefits.